Cancer is a complex disease that requires specialised treatment. Two common treatment options are chemotherapy and radiation therapy, both aimed at destroying cancer cells. Understanding the differences between these treatments can help patients and their families make informed decisions about their care.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. These drugs can be administered orally or intravenously and travel throughout the body, targeting cancer cells wherever they may be. Chemotherapy is often used to treat cancer that has spread or is likely to spread, as well as to shrink tumours before surgery or radiation therapy.
While chemotherapy is effective at killing cancer cells, it can also affect healthy cells, leading to side effects such as nausea, hair loss, and fatigue. These side effects can be managed with medication and usually go away after treatment ends.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer cells. Unlike chemotherapy, which affects the entire body, radiation therapy is usually targeted at specific areas where the cancer is located. It is often used in conjunction with surgery or chemotherapy to treat cancer or as a standalone treatment.
Radiation therapy can also cause side effects, including fatigue, skin changes, and damage to nearby organs. These side effects are usually temporary and go away after treatment ends.
Choosing the Right Treatment
The choice between chemotherapy and radiation therapy depends on several factors, including the type and stage of cancer, the patient’s overall health, and their treatment goals. In some cases, both treatments may be used together to maximise effectiveness.
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are both important tools in the fight against cancer. While they can cause side effects, these are usually manageable, and the benefits of treatment often outweigh the risks. It’s essential for patients to discuss their treatment options with their healthcare team to determine the best approach for their individual situation.
